Enzymes as Catalysts Enzymes are?biological catalysts ‘Biological’ because they function in?living systems ‘Catalysts’ because they?speed up the rate of chemical reactions?without being?used up?or ...
Fibrous Proteins: Structure & Function Structure Fibrous proteins?are long strands of polypeptide chains that have cross-linkages due to hydrogen bonds These proteins have little or no tertiary...
Globular Proteins: Structure & Function Structure Globular proteins?are Compact Roughly?spherical?(circular) in shape Globular proteins form a spherical shape when folding into their tertiary s...
Levels of Protein Structure There are?four?levels of structure in proteins Three are related to a single polypeptide chain The fourth level relates to a protein that has two or more polypeptide cha...
Amino Acid: Structure Proteins Proteins are polymers (and macromolecules) made of monomers called?amino acids The sequence, type and number of the amino acids within a protein determines its shape ...
Nature of the Genetic Code The triplet code The sequence of DNA nucleotide bases found within a gene is determined by a?triplet?(three-letter)?code Each sequence of?three bases?(i.e. each triplet o...
Translation Translation occurs?in the cytoplasm?of the cell After leaving the nucleus via a nuclear pore, the?mRNA molecule attaches to a ribosome In the cytoplasm there are?free molecules of tRNA?...
Transcription A?gene?is a?sequence of nucleotide bases?in a DNA molecule that?codes for the production of a specific sequence of amino acids, that in turn make up a?specific polypeptide?(protein) T...
RNA: Structure Like DNA, the nucleic acid RNA (ribonucleic acid) is a?polynucleotide?– it is made up of?many nucleotides?linked together in a chain Like DNA, RNA nucleotides contain the nitrogenous...
