Respiration: An Overview Glucose?is the main respiratory substrate used by cells Aerobic respiration is the process of breaking down a respiratory substrate in order to?produce ATP using oxygen The...
Sliding Filament Theory Structure of thick & thin filaments in a myofibril The?thick filaments?within a myofibril are made up of?myosin molecules These are?fibrous protein molecules?with a?glob...
Muscle Fibres: Structure Skeletal muscle?makes up the muscles in the body that are attached to the skeleton Skeletal muscle is made up of?muscle fibres A muscle fibre is a?highly specialised?cell-l...
Movement of the Skeleton The?effective movement?of the human body requires both?muscle?and an?incompressible skeleton This is because muscles will only produce effective movement if they?pull on a ...
Limiting Antibiotic Resistance Hospital acquired infections Infections that are contracted by a patient while in hospital are known as?hospital acquired infections?(HAIs) The transmission of HAIs i...
Types of Antibiotics When humans experience a bacterial infection, they are often prescribed?antibiotics Antibiotics are chemical substances that?damage bacterial cells?with little or no harm to hu...
Evolutionary Race Between Pathogens & Host Vertebrates have evolved over millions of years to have immune systems that are capable of dealing with a wide range of different pathogens Pathogens,...
Types of Immunity Developing immunity The immune system is?activated?when a?new antigen is encountered This launches a?primary immune response?consisting of a?non-specific immune response?followed ...
Post-transcriptional Modification Antibody molecules consist primarily of?protein They contain four separate?polypeptide?chains, two of which are longer,?heavy chains, and two of which are shorter,...
