Weak Acid - Strong Base Titration In this example, strong sodium hydroxide, NaOH (aq), is being added to weak ethanoic acid, CH3COOH (aq) NaOH (aq) + CH3COOH (aq) →?CH3COONa (aq) + H2O (l) T...
Action of a Buffer Solution A?buffer solution?is a solution which resists changes in pH when small amounts of acids or alkalis are added A buffer solution is used to keep the pH almost const...
在關注夏季成績的同時，也不能忘了秋季考試和報名關鍵時間點，尤其是準備秋季參加考試的同學，CIE十月大考將近，一起來看看報考重要時間節點和Alevel、IGCSE各科考試時間吧。 報考的關鍵時間節點 2022年報名截止...
Drawing & Interpreting Titration Curves During a titration a pH meter can be used and a pH curve plotted A pH curve is a graph showing how the pH of a solution changes as the acid (or ba...
Measuring and Comparing pH Strong and weak acids The relative strengths of different acids can be determined by measuring the pH of equimolar aqueous solutions of the acids, at the same temp...
Ionic Product of Water, Kw In all aqueous solutions, an equilibrium exists in water where a few water molecules dissociate into protons and hydroxide ions We can derive an equilibrium consta...
Acid Dissociation Strong acids A?strong acid?is an acid that?dissociates?almost?completely?in aqueous solutions HCl (hydrochloric acid), HNO3?(nitric acid) and H2SO4?(sulfuric acid) The posi...
Defining pH The acidity of an aqueous solution depends on the number of?H+?ions in solution The?pH?is defined as: pH = -log[H+] where [H+] is the concentration of hydrogen ions in mol dm–3 S...
Br?nsted–Lowry Acid & Base Theory The Br?nsted-Lowry Theory?defines acids and bases in terms of proton transfer between chemical compounds A?Br?nsted acid?is a species that can donate a ...
