The Two Stages of Photosynthesis Photosynthesis occurs in two stages: the?light-dependent stage, which takes place in the?thylakoids, and the?light-independent stage, which takes place in the?strom...
Chloroplast Structures & their Functions Chloroplasts are the?organelles?in plant cells where?photosynthesis?occurs Each chloroplast is surrounded by a?double-membrane envelope Each of the enve...
Effect of Temperature & Substrate Concentration A?redox indicator?is a substance that changes colour when it is reduced or oxidised DCPIP?and?methylene?blue are redox indicators They are used t...
Anaerobic Adaptations of Rice Flooding is a major problem when growing crops As water rises and it covers the different parts of a plant it can create problems: Plant roots don’t get the?oxygen?the...
Aerobic & Anaerobic Respiration In cells there is a much?greater energy yield?from respiration in?aerobic conditions?than in anaerobic conditions In anaerobic respiration?glucose is only partia...
Anaerobic Respiration Sometimes cells experience conditions with?little or no oxygen There are several consequences when there is not enough oxygen available for respiration: There is?no final acce...
Oxidative Phosphorylation Oxidative phosphorylation?is the last stage of aerobic respiration It takes place at the inner membrane of the mitochondria Several steps occur: Hydrogen atoms are donated...
Aerobic Respiration: Role of NAD and FAD Coenzymes?NAD and FAD play a critical role in aerobic respiration When hydrogen atoms become available at different points during respiration NAD and FAD ac...
Aerobic Respiration: Outline of the Krebs Cycle The Krebs cycle (sometimes called the citric acid cycle) consists of a?series of enzyme-controlled reactions Acetyl CoA (2C) enters?the circular path...
