Edexcel A Level Chemistry:復(fù)習(xí)筆記1.2.3 Orbitals
Orbital Shapes Orbitals Subshells contain one or more?atomic orbitals Orbitals exist at?specific?energy levels and electrons can only be found at these specific levels,?not?in between them E...
Edexcel A Level Chemistry:復(fù)習(xí)筆記1.2.2 Quantum Shells
Developing Electronic Configuration Electrons move rapidly around the nucleus in energy shells If their energy is increased, then they can jump to a higher energy level The process is revers...
Edexcel A Level Chemistry:復(fù)習(xí)筆記1.2.1 Ionisation Energy
Factors Affecting Ionisation Energy Ionisation energy The?ionisation?Energy?(IE) of an element is the amount of energy required to remove?one mole?of electrons from?one mole?of gaseous atoms...
Edexcel A Level Chemistry:復(fù)習(xí)筆記1.1.4 Mass Spectrometry
Interpreting Mass Spectra Isotopes are different atoms of the same element that contain the same number of protons and electrons but a different number of neutrons These are atoms of the sam...
Edexcel A Level Chemistry:復(fù)習(xí)筆記1.1.3 Relative Mass
Isotopic & Atomic Mass The relative mass of an atom uses the carbon-12 isotope as the international standard One atom of carbon-12 has an accepted mass of 1.992646538 x 10-26?kg It is not reali...
Edexcel A Level Chemistry:復(fù)習(xí)筆記1.1.2 Isotopes
Atomic Structure Calculations An atom is?neutral?and has no overall charge Ions on the other hand are formed when atoms either?gain?or?lose?electrons, causing them to become?charged The numb...
Edexcel A Level Chemistry:復(fù)習(xí)筆記1.1.1 Structure of the Atom
Structure of the Atom All matter is composed of?atoms, which are the smallest parts of an element that can take place in?chemical reactions Atoms are mostly made up of?empty?space?around a v...
CIE A Level Maths: Pure 3復(fù)習(xí)筆記8.3.3 Square Roots of a Complex Number - Advanced
Square Roots of a Complex Number - Advanced Previously we looked at how to find the square roots of a complex number in Cartesian form (a+bi). We can also find square roots using polar ?and ...
CIE A Level Maths: Pure 3復(fù)習(xí)筆記8.3.2 Geometry of Complex Multiplication & Division
Geometry of Complex Multiplication & Division You now know how conjugation, addition and subtraction affect the geometry of complex numbers on an Argand diagram. Now we can look at the e...
