Roles of Membranes Membranes are?vital?structures found in all cells The?cell surface membrane?creates an enclosed space separating the internal cell environment from the external environment Intra...
Practical: Measuring Enzyme Activity The?progress?of?enzyme-catalysed reactions?can be investigated by: Measuring the?rate of formation of a product Measuring the?rate of disappearance of a substra...
Coenzymes, Cofactors & Prosthetic Groups There are substances?other than?substrates and inhibitors that?interact?with?enzymes Some enzymes can only?function properly?if another?non-protein subs...
Enzyme Inhibitors Reversible inhibitors An enzyme's activity can be reduced or stopped,?temporarily, by a?reversible inhibitor There are?two types?of reversible inhibitors: Competitive?inhibitors h...
Enzyme Activity: Substrate Concentration The?greater?the?substrate concentration, the?higher?the?rate of reaction: As the number of substrate molecules increases, the likelihood of enzyme-substrate...
Enzyme Activity: Enzyme Concentration Enzyme concentration affects the rate of reaction The?higher?the?enzyme concentration?in a reaction mixture, the?greater the number of active sites?available a...
Enzyme Activity: Temperature Enzymes have a specific?optimum temperature This is the temperature at which they catalyse a reaction at the?maximum rate Lower temperatures?either?prevent?react...
Enzyme Activity: pH All enzymes have an?optimum pH?or a pH at which they operate best Enzymes are?denatured?at extremes of pH Hydrogen?and ionic bonds?hold the tertiary structure of the protein (ie...
CIE IGCSE Biology: 復習筆記：5.1.4 Enzymes & Temperature: Extended Enzymes & Temperature: Extended Enzymes are?proteins?and have a?specific shape, held in place by?bonds This is extremely i...
