CIE A Level Chemistry復習筆記3.3.3 Elimination Reactions of Halogenoalkanes

Category: A-level課程, 教材筆記, 福利干貨 Date: 2022年8月12日下午4:45

Halogenoalkanes: Elimination Reactions

In an?elimination?reaction, an organic molecule loses a small molecule
- In the case of halogenoalkanes this small molecule is a hydrogen halide (eg. HCl)
The halogenoalkanes are?heated?with?ethanolic sodium hydroxide?causing the C-X bond to break?heterolytically,?forming an X-?ion and leaving an alkene as an organic product
- For example, bromoethane reacts with?ethanolic sodium hydroxide?when heated to form ethene

3.3-Halogen-Compounds-Elimination Hydrogen bromide is eliminated to form ethene

Exam Tip

The reaction conditions in a reaction are extremely important.If?NaOH(ethanol)?is used, an?elimination?reaction takes place to form an?alkene?from a halogenoalkane.If?NaOH(aq)?is used, a?nucleophilic substitution?reaction takes place to form an?alcohol?from a halogenoalkane.

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