• The Br?nsted-Lowry Theory?defines acids and bases in terms of proton transfer between chemical compounds
• A?Br?nsted-Lowry acid?is a species that?gives away?a?proton?(H+)
• A?Br?nsted-Lowry base?is a species that?accepts?a proton (H+) using its?lone pair of electrons

The diagram shows a Br?nsted-Lowry acid which donates the proton to the Br?nsted-Lowry base that accepts the proton using its lone pair of electrons

• Species that can act both as acids and bases are called?amphoteric
  • Eg. water as a Br?nsted-Lowry acid

The diagram shows water acting as a Br?nsted-Lowry acid by donating a proton to ammonia which accepts the proton using its lone pair of electrons

The diagram shows a dot & cross diagram for the reaction of water with ammonia to show how water acts as a Br?nsted-Lowry acid and ammonia as a Br?nsted-Lowry base

• Eg. water as a Br?nsted-Lowry base

The diagram shows water acting as a Br?nsted-Lowry base by accepting a proton from hydrochloric acid proton using its lone pair of electrons

The diagram shows a dot & cross diagram for the reaction of water with hydrochloric acid to show how water acts as a Br?nsted-Lowry base and ammonia as a Br?nsted-Lowry acid

• The Br?nsted-Lowry Theory is not limited to aqueous solutions only and can also be applied to reactions that occur in the gas phase

Example of a Br?nsted-Lowry acid and base reaction in the gas state