2021 International Young Physicists’ Tournament

2021 International Young Physicists’ Tournament

2021 全球青年物理學(xué)家錦標(biāo)賽

項(xiàng)目介紹

International Young Physicists’ Tournament（IYPT）全球青年物理學(xué)家錦標(biāo)賽，也被稱為“Physics World Cup（物理世界杯）”，是一個(gè)需要中學(xué)生組隊(duì)參賽的科學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)活動(dòng)。自1988年起，一年一度的IYPT從一個(gè)蘇聯(lián)地方性俄語的學(xué)術(shù)活動(dòng)逐漸成長為一個(gè)全球最大最具聲望的國際物理學(xué)術(shù)活動(dòng)之一。參與者需分享展示他們準(zhǔn)備了好幾個(gè)月的科學(xué)問題解決方案，與其他團(tuán)隊(duì)一起研究辯論，這個(gè)形式成為Physics Fights（PF），并最終將由國際專家組成的評審團(tuán)對Reporter展示者、Opponent競爭者以及Reviewer評審員等進(jìn)行評分。
2018年第31屆IYPT將在北京舉行，由The High School Affiliated to Renmin University of China (RDFZ)中國人民大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)舉辦。由于是國家級賽事且每個(gè)參賽國家僅只有一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)代表，因此中國參賽隊(duì)選拔將從China Young Physicists’ Tournament（CYPT）中國高中生物理創(chuàng)新學(xué)術(shù)活動(dòng)中的優(yōu)勝者組成。
CYPT全程參考IYPT舉辦的全國性賽事，旨在提高學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識(shí)分析解決實(shí)際物理問題的能力，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的開放性思維能力。2018年CYPT將由南開大學(xué)舉辦，參賽學(xué)生就一些實(shí)際物理問題進(jìn)行團(tuán)隊(duì)合作研究，然后就其物理知識(shí)、理論分析、實(shí)驗(yàn)方案、結(jié)果討論等進(jìn)行辯論性比賽。不僅可以鍛煉學(xué)生的科研素質(zhì), 還能培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的合作精神和交流表達(dá)能力，使學(xué)生的知識(shí)、能力和素質(zhì)全面協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。重點(diǎn)是南開大學(xué)將對參加訓(xùn)練營的學(xué)生進(jìn)行學(xué)科考核認(rèn)定并頒發(fā)南開大學(xué)物理學(xué)科等級證書，獲得A等級認(rèn)定資格的同學(xué)若高考報(bào)考南開大學(xué)并被錄取，在南開大學(xué)物理伯苓班（即南開大學(xué)物理拔尖學(xué)生培養(yǎng)試驗(yàn)計(jì)劃）選拔時(shí)優(yōu)先錄取。

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IYPT學(xué)術(shù)活動(dòng)歷年真題下載

2012-2018 真題完整版登陸即可免費(fèi)下載

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IYPT學(xué)術(shù)活動(dòng)論文集付費(fèi)下載

即將更新，預(yù)約請聯(lián)系小助手 IYPT2012
IYPT2013
IYPT2014
IYPT2015

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2018 IYPT學(xué)術(shù)活動(dòng)題目

每年由International Organizing Committee (IOC)國際組織委員會(huì)確認(rèn)題目并確保不晚于10月發(fā)布。2018年官方發(fā)出共17題學(xué)術(shù)活動(dòng)題目，原題為英文如下所示，翻譯僅供參考：

1. Invent Yourself

Construct a simple seismograph that amplifies a local disturbance by mechanical, optical or electrical methods. Determine the typical response curve of your device and investigate the parameters of the damping constant. What is the maximum amplification that you can achieve?
制作一個(gè)保護(hù)生雞蛋的被動(dòng)裝置，使得生雞蛋從2.5m的高度落到硬表面時(shí)能夠安全著陸。該裝置必須與雞蛋一同落下。你能做到的該裝置的最小尺寸是多少？

1. Colour of Powders

If a coloured material is ground to a powder, in some cases the resulting powder may have a different colour to that of the original material. Investigate how the degree of grinding affects the apparent colour of the powder.
如果將有色材料研磨成粉末，在某些情況下，所得到的粉末可能具有與原始材料不同的顏色。調(diào)查研磨程度如何影響粉末的表觀顏色。

1. Dancing Coin

Take a strongly cooled bottle and put a coin on its neck. Over time you will hear a noise and see movements of the coin. Explain this phenomenon and investigate how the relevant parameters affect the dance.
把一個(gè)硬幣放在一個(gè)極度冷卻的瓶子的瓶頸口上，一段時(shí)間后你會(huì)聽到聲音并觀察到這個(gè)硬幣的運(yùn)動(dòng)。解釋這一現(xiàn)象，并調(diào)查相關(guān)參數(shù)如何影響這個(gè)舞蹈。

1. Heron's Fountain

Construct a Heron’s fountain and explain how it works. Investigate how the relevant parameters affect the height of the water jet.
構(gòu)造一個(gè)海倫噴泉并解釋它怎樣工作。研究相關(guān)參數(shù)是如何影響水柱高度的。

1. Drinking Straw

When a drinking straw is placed in a glass of carbonated drink, it can rise up, sometimes toppling over the edge of the glass. Investigate and explain the motion of the straw and determine the conditions under which the straw will topple.
當(dāng)吸管放置在碳酸飲料中時(shí)，它可能會(huì)浮起來，甚至有時(shí)候會(huì)翻倒在杯沿上。請研究并結(jié)束吸管的運(yùn)動(dòng)，解釋吸管會(huì)翻倒的條件。

1. Ring Oiler

An oiled horizontal cylindrical shaft rotates around its axis at constant speed. Make a ring from a cardboard disc with the inner diameter roughly twice the diameter of the shaft and put the ring on the shaft. Depending on the tilt of the ring, it can travel along the shaft in either direction. Investigate the phenomenon.
先讓涂油的水平圓柱軸以恒定的速度饒其軸線旋轉(zhuǎn)，再用紙板制作一個(gè)圓環(huán)，內(nèi)徑為軸直徑的兩倍，并將其放在圓柱軸上。由于傾斜，圓環(huán)可以沿著軸的任一方向行進(jìn)。請研究這個(gè)現(xiàn)象。

1. Conical Piles

Non-adhesive granular materials can be poured such that they form a cone-like pile. Investigate the parameters that affect the formation of the cone and the angle it makes with the ground.
非粘性顆粒材料可以被澆筑成一個(gè)圓錐型的樁。研究影響椎體形成的參數(shù)及其與地面的角度。

1. Cusps in a Cylinder

A horizontal cylinder is partially filled with a viscous fluid. When the cylinder is rotated around its axis, unusual fluid behaviour can be observed, such as cusp-like shapes on the walls of the cylinder. Investigate the phenomenon.
一個(gè)水平圓柱內(nèi)部分填充粘性流體，當(dāng)圓柱體繞其軸線旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，可以觀察到異常的流體行為，如圓柱體壁上的尖端形狀。研究這個(gè)現(xiàn)象。

1. Candle in Water

Add some weight to a candle such that it barely floats in water. As the candle burns, it may continue to float. Investigate and explain this phenomenon.
當(dāng)給在水中的蠟燭加些重量后，他就幾乎無法在水中漂浮。但是當(dāng)蠟燭燃燒時(shí)，它可能繼續(xù)漂浮在水面。請研究并解釋這個(gè)現(xiàn)象。

1. Tesla Valve

A Tesla valve is a fixed-geometry, passive, one-direction valve. A Tesla valve offers a resistance to flow that is much greater in one direction compared to the other. Create such a Tesla valve and investigate its relevant parameters.
特斯拉閥是一個(gè)固定幾何形狀的、被動(dòng)式單向閥（瓣膜管道）。選定一個(gè)方向后，一個(gè)特斯拉閥可以在相反方向上提供了一個(gè)大得多的流動(dòng)阻力（即提供單向流體通道）。請創(chuàng)建一個(gè)這樣的特斯拉閥并研究其相關(guān)參數(shù)。

1. Azimuthal-Radial Pendulum

Fix one end of a horizontal elastic rod to a rigid stand. Support the other end of the rod with a taut string to avoid vertical deflection and suspend a bob from it on another string (see figure). In the resulting pendulum the radial oscillations (parallel to the rod) can spontaneously convert into azimuthal oscillations (perpendicular to the rod) and vice versa. Investigate the phenomenon.
將水平彈性桿的一端固定在剛性支架上。用一根繃緊的繩子支撐彈性桿的另一端以避免垂直偏轉(zhuǎn)，并將一個(gè)垂擺從另一根弦上懸掛下來（如圖所示）。在產(chǎn)生的鐘擺運(yùn)動(dòng)中，徑向震蕩（平行于桿）可以自發(fā)的轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榉轿徽鹗帲ù怪庇跅U），反之亦然。研究這個(gè)現(xiàn)象。

1. Curie Point Engine

Make a nickel disc that can rotate freely around its axis. Place a magnet near the edge of the disc and heat this side of it. The disc starts to rotate. Investigate the parameters affecting the rotation and optimize the design for a steady motion.
制作一個(gè)可以繞軸自由旋轉(zhuǎn)的鎳盤，在圓盤的邊緣放一塊磁鐵并加熱這一面。圓盤開始旋轉(zhuǎn)。請研究影響旋轉(zhuǎn)的參數(shù)并對圓盤的穩(wěn)定運(yùn)動(dòng)做優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。

1. Weighing Time

It is commonly known that an hourglass changes its weight (as measured by a scale) while flowing. Investigate this phenomenon.
眾所周知，沙漏的質(zhì)量（以某種方式稱量）會(huì)隨沙子的流動(dòng)而發(fā)生變化，請研究這一現(xiàn)象。

1. Radiant Lantern

When taking a picture of a glowing lantern at night, a number of rays emanating from the centre of the lantern may appear in the pictures. Explain and investigate this phenomenon.
在晚上給一個(gè)點(diǎn)燃的提燈拍照，會(huì)有大量從提燈中心發(fā)出的光線顯示在照片上，請研究并解釋這一現(xiàn)象。

1. Blowing Bubbles

When blowing on a soap film in a ring, a bubble may be formed. The liquid film may pop or continue to exist. Investigate how the number of bubbles produced from a single soap film and the characteristics of the bubbles depend on the relevant parameters.
當(dāng)你吹一個(gè)有肥皂泡膜的圓環(huán)時(shí)，可能會(huì)吹出一個(gè)肥皂泡泡。而這個(gè)肥皂泡的液體表面會(huì)破掉也可能會(huì)繼續(xù)存在。請嘗試研究相關(guān)參數(shù)如何決定一個(gè)液面可以生成的泡泡數(shù)量以及生成的泡泡特征。

1. Acoustic Levitation

Small objects can levitate in acoustic standing waves. Investigate the phenomenon. To what extent can you manipulate the objects?
較小的物體可以在聲學(xué)駐波中懸浮，試著研究這一現(xiàn)象。請問你可以多大程度的操縱這個(gè)物體？

1. Water Bottle

The current craze of water bottle flipping involves launching a partially filled plastic bottle into the air so that it performs a somersault before landing on a horizontal surface in a stable, upright position. Investigate the phenomenon and determine the parameters that will result in a successful flip.
當(dāng)下有個(gè)十分熱門的水瓶投擲游戲：把一個(gè)半滿的塑料水瓶扔到半空中，它會(huì)翻幾個(gè)筋斗后平穩(wěn)垂直的掉落在水平面上。請研究這個(gè)現(xiàn)象并解釋什么樣的參數(shù)可以使游戲成功。
Authors: John Balcombe, Samuel Byland, Nikita Chernikov, Kent Hogan, Mihály H?m?strei, Dina Izadi, Andrei Klishin, Frantisek Kundracik, Ilya Martchenko, Florian Ostermaier, Jelena Pajovic, Kerry Parker, Carmen Parton, Oksana Pshenichko, Igor Timoshchenko, Lise
Problem selection committee: John Balcombe, Samuel Byland, Ilya Martchenko
Epigraph selected by Evgeny Yunosov

獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)設(shè)置

The Winners’ Cup獎(jiǎng)杯：決賽中勝出的隊(duì)伍
1st place Certificates & Gold Medals第一名證書及金牌：所有參與決賽的隊(duì)伍
2nd place Certificates & Silver Medals第二名證書及銀牌：未參加決賽中排名前五的團(tuán)隊(duì)
3rd place Certificates & Bronze medals第三名證書及銅牌：所有完成決賽的學(xué)生排名前50%的團(tuán)隊(duì)
Certificates of Participation參與證書：所有剩余學(xué)生都將獲得
各團(tuán)隊(duì)領(lǐng)隊(duì)也將獲得各自團(tuán)隊(duì)的排名。

項(xiàng)目時(shí)間

IYPT時(shí)間信息：

• 學(xué)術(shù)活動(dòng)時(shí)間：2021年7月23日-2021年7月30日? 巴基斯坦拉合爾

申請要求

IYPT條件要求：

1. 每個(gè)受邀國家僅由一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)代表參加IYPT
2. 每個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)由5名中學(xué)生組成，學(xué)生可以是本國國籍或者在自己代表的國家上學(xué)，且其中一名領(lǐng)隊(duì)需在PF環(huán)節(jié)中作為團(tuán)隊(duì)官方代表
3. 每個(gè)隊(duì)需有1-2名領(lǐng)隊(duì)
4. 申請費(fèi)為1,500歐元每隊(duì)

CYPT條件要求：

1. 省、市級重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高二、高三理科學(xué)生，須經(jīng)所在學(xué)校正式推薦，由學(xué)校組隊(duì)，自愿報(bào)名，每隊(duì)3-6人，其中一名為隊(duì)長
2. 報(bào)名以中學(xué)為單位統(tǒng)一報(bào)名，每校原則上限報(bào)一隊(duì)
3. 報(bào)名材料需以郵寄形式寄出
4. 報(bào)名材料為：
   • 全國高中生物理訓(xùn)練營報(bào)名表并在規(guī)定處粘貼學(xué)生照片
   • 提供教務(wù)處開具的本人高中成績單
   • 報(bào)名學(xué)校指導(dǎo)教師及帶隊(duì)教師信息登記表
   • 全國高中生物理訓(xùn)練營報(bào)名匯總表
5. 報(bào)名費(fèi)1,500元一人，食宿與旅費(fèi)自理