2018英特爾ISEF學科最佳作品摘要：行為與社會科學 | Best of Category Abstract: BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES

獲獎作品基本信息

年份	2018
學科	行為與社會科學 BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
學校	John L. Miller Great Neck North High School
國家/州	State of New York，United States of America

獲獎作品名稱

The Language of Facial Expressions: A Neuroimaging Study on How a Smile Is Generated and Perceived by Another Person

獲獎作品摘要

Facial expressions, particularly smiles, have implications for debilitating psychiatric disorders such as autism, depression, and schizophrenia, which make them a critical area for study. As of yet, no study has measured the neural activity during the simultaneous expression and reception of facial cues between people. The purpose of this experiment is to measure and compare the brain activity between subjects smiling and other subjects reacting to the smiles. The non-invasive device functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) allows for measurement of brain activity during face-to-face interactions. Subjects were paired, fNIRS optodes were placed on their heads, and facial tracking devices detected smiles. Participants alternated between watching ‘cute’ animal videos (the video watchers) and observing the faces of their partners (the face watchers). Results show that even when both partners smiled (a smile contagion) there was different neurological activity distinguishing a social smile generated by looking at the face of a partner from that of a smile generated in response to a non-human stimulus. A contagion smile activated the social areas of the brain such as the language and frontal areas, while non-social smiles activated the motor and parietal cortices. These findings advance our understanding of neural systems specialized for social behaviors.

 

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ISEF 簡介

英特爾國際科學與工程大獎賽，簡稱 "ISEF"，由美國 Society for Science and the Public（科學和公共服務協會）主辦，英特爾公司冠名贊助，是全球規模最大、等級最高的中學生的科研科創賽事。ISEF 的學術活動學科包括了所有數學、自然科學、工程的全部領域和部分社會科學。ISEF 素有全球青少年科學學術活動的“世界杯”之美譽，旨在鼓勵學生團隊協作，開拓創新，長期專一深入地研究自己感興趣的課題。

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英特爾 ISEF 學術活動詳細介紹

英特爾 ISEF 全程指導方案

· 數學 · 物理 · 化學 · 生物 · 計算機 · 工程 ·

學科簡介：行為與社會科學 BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES

The science or study of the thought processes and behavior of humans and other animals in their interactions with the environment studied through observational and experimental methods.

Subcategories:

Clinical and Developmental Psychology (CLN):?The study and treatment of emotional or behavioral disorders. Developmental psychology is concerned with the study of progressive behavioral changes in an individual from birth until death.

Cognitive Psychology?(COG):?The study of cognition, the mental processes that underlie behavior, including thinking, deciding, reasoning, and to some extent motivation and emotion.

Neuroscience (NEU):?Studies of the neural basis of cognitive processes, including learning and memory, language and thought, perception, attention, and affect. It investigates the human brain, from the functional organization of large scale cerebral systems to microscopic neurochemical processes.

Physiological Psychology?(PHY):?The study of the biological and physiological basis of behavior. This field studies the neural mechanisms of perception and behavior through direct manipulation of the brain in controlled experiments.

Sociology and Social Psychology?(SOC):?The study of human social behavior, especially the study of the origins, organization, institutions, and development of human society. Sociology is concerned with all group activities-economic, social, political, and religious.

Other?(OTH):?Studies that cannot be assigned to one of the above subcategories. If the project involves multiple subcategories, the principal subcategory should be chosen instead of Other.