Translation Translation occurs?in the cytoplasm?of the cell After leaving the nucleus via a nuclear pore, the?mRNA molecule attaches to a ribosome In the cytoplasm there are?free molecules of tRNA?...
Transcription A?gene?is a?sequence of nucleotide bases?in a DNA molecule that?codes for the production of a specific sequence of amino acids, that in turn make up a?specific polypeptide?(protein) T...
RNA: Structure Like DNA, the nucleic acid RNA (ribonucleic acid) is a?polynucleotide?– it is made up of?many nucleotides?linked together in a chain Like DNA, RNA nucleotides contain the nitrogenous...
DNA: Structure The nucleic acid DNA is a?polynucleotide?– it is made up of?many nucleotides?bonded together in a?long chain DNA nucleotide DNA molecules are made up of?two polynucleotide str...
Mononucleotides: Structure Both DNA and RNA are?polymers?that are made up of?many repeating units?called?nucleotides Each nucleotide is formed from: A?pentose sugar?(a sugar with 5 carbon atoms) A ...
Osmosis All cells are surrounded by a cell surface membrane which is?partially permeable Water can move in and out of cells across the cell surface membrane by a process called?osmosis Osmosis is t...
Active Transport Active transport is the?movement of molecules and ions through a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration Active transport?requires en...
Diffusion & Facilitated Diffusion Diffusion is a type of?transport?that can occur?across a cell membrane Note that diffusion can also happen within a cellular compartment; the presence of a mem...
Practical: Investigating Membrane Structure & Permeability The?permeability?of?cell membranes?is affected by several?factors?such as Temperature pH The effect of such factors on membrane struct...
