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哈佛主辦，諾獎得主親審！2022年哈佛國際經濟學論文最新賽題公布！

Category: 國際競賽, 文科國際競賽, 熱門資訊, 翰林嚴選 Date: 2022年11月16日下午12:36

由哈佛本科經濟學會
和《哈佛大學經濟學評論》聯合主辦
入圍決賽作品由諾獎得主親自評審

哈佛國際經濟學論文比賽（HIEEC）
2022全新賽題公布啦！
哈佛主辦，諾獎得主親審！2022年哈佛國際經濟學論文最新賽題公布！ 2022哈佛國際經濟學論文賽題

哈佛經濟學會國際論文賽事，每年都會公布四個備選命題，參賽學生可以從中任選其一！

題目1：關鍵詞-生育率

In recent years and decades, many countries have seen fertility rates drop, potentially leading to falling populations. Currently, China has a fertility rate of 1.3, one of the lowest in the world. However, in 2021, China experienced GDP growth of 8% with output totaling $17.7 trillion. Will this lowered fertility rate (with potential to fall further) affect China’s economic growth and policy? How so? What, if anything, can the Chinese government do to limit the risk of falling fertility rates?

近年來，許多國家的生育率下降，這可能導致人口銳減。目前，中國的生育率為1.3，是世界上生育率最低的國家之一。然而，2021年中國GDP增長8%，總產值達17.7萬億美元。生育率的下降（及進一步下降的可能）會影響中國的經濟增長和政策嗎？將帶來怎樣的影響？中國政府可以采取哪些措施來應對生育率下降所帶來的風險？

題目2：關鍵詞-房價

U.S. mortgage rates recently passed 7%, making the purchase of a new home increasingly unaffordable. Meanwhile, the United States has suffered from a chronic shortage of available housing for decades, particularly in urban areas, leading to what many scholars and advocates call an affordability crisis. Why is housing so unaffordable in the U.S.? What can (or should) be done by private actors, state and local governments, and the federal government to alleviate the affordability crisis?

美國抵押貸款利率最近已超過了7%，使得人們購買新房的負擔越來越大。與此同時，幾十年來美國的可用住房長期短缺，尤其是城市地區，從而出現了許多學者和專家所說的負擔能力危機。為什么美國的房價如此昂貴？個人、州和地方政府以及聯邦政府能夠（或應該）做些什么來緩解負擔能力危機？

題目3：關鍵詞-環境健康

It is often suggested that a tradeoff exists between economic growth and the health of the environment, especially now as the threat of climate change becomes more dire. What economic risks does a changing climate pose? Can economic growth be consistent with a healthy environment? What policies, either market-based or otherwise, should governments enact to protect the environment while posing the least danger to economic efficiency?

人們常常認為，在經濟增長和環境健康之間存在著一種平衡，這一點在氣候變化影響愈發可怕的今天尤其突出。氣候變化會帶來怎樣的經濟風險？經濟增長能否與環境健康相一致？無論是基于市場還是其他因素，政府應該制定什么樣的政策來保護環境，同時將對經濟效率的危害降到最小？

題目4：關鍵詞-通貨膨脹

Central banks such as the Federal Reserve in the U.S. and the Bank of England in the UK manage their nation’s macroeconomies with the goal of ensuring price stability and maximum employment. Globally, inflation rates are rising to levels not seen since the 1980s, particularly in the U.S. and European countries. To what extent should the monetary policies of central banks in various Western countries differ or resemble one another as a reaction to the specific causes of inflation facing their economies?

美國的美聯儲和英國的英格蘭銀行等中央銀行管控著本國的宏觀經濟，其目標是確保物價穩定和最大限度的就業。在全球范圍內，通貨膨脹率逐漸上升至上世紀80年來以來的新高水平，尤其是美國和歐洲國家。不同西方國家的中央銀行貨幣政策應保持何種程度的異同，以應對其經濟所面臨的通貨膨脹具體原因？

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