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Edexcel A Level Physics:復(fù)習(xí)筆記13.5 Velocity-Time Graph for an Oscillator

Category: A-level課程, 國際課程, 教材筆記, 福利干貨 Date: 2022年10月14日下午3:58

Velocity-time graph for an oscillator

The velocity of an object in?simple harmonic motion?can be represented by a graph of velocity against time

13-5-velocity-time-graph_edexcel-al-physics-rn

Key features of the velocity-time graph:
- It is 90o?out of phase with the displacement-time graph
- Velocity is equal to the rate of change of displacement
- So, the velocity of an oscillator at any time can be determined from the?gradient of the displacement-time graph:
An oscillator moves the fastest at its equilibrium position
- Therefore, the velocity is at its?maximum?when the?displacement is zero

Worked Example

A swing is pulled 5 cm and then released.

The variation of the horizontal displacement?x?of the swing with time t is shown on the graph below.

17.1.5-Worked-example-graph

The swing exhibits simple harmonic motion.

Use data from the graph to determine at what time the velocity of the swing is first at its maximum.

Step 1:?The velocity is at its maximum when the displacement x = 0

Step 2:?Reading value of time when x = 0

13-5-velocity-time-graph-we-ans_edexcel-al-physics-rn

From the graph this is equal to 0.2 s

Exam Tip

These graphs might not look identical to what is in your textbook, depending on where the object starts oscillating from at t = 0 (on either side of the equilibrium, or at the equilibrium). However, if there is no damping, they will all always be a general sine or cosine curves.

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