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IB DP Chemistry: HL復(fù)習(xí)筆記6.1.2 Rate of Reaction

Category: IB課程, 教材筆記, 福利干貨 Date: 2022年7月27日下午4:56

Rate of Reaction

Reaction rate

Some reactions take place instantly, but most are much slower and it is possible to measure how long these reactions take to reach a certain stage
As a chemical reaction proceeds, the concentration of the reactants decreases and the concentration of the products increases
The?rate of a reaction?is the speed at which a chemical reaction takes place and has units?mol dm^-3?s^-1
The rate of a reaction can be calculated by:

6.1.2-Rate-of-reaction-formula

Graphically we can represent the rate of reaction as:

6.1.2-Rate-of-reaction-graphs

Rate of reaction graphs

Worked Example

Iodine and methanoic acid react in aqueous solution.

I₂?(aq) + HCOOH (aq) → 2I^??(aq) + 2H⁺?(aq) + CO₂?(g)

The rate of reaction can be found by measuring the volume of carbon dioxide produced per unit time and plotting a graph as shown 6.1.2-Rate-of-reaction-Worked-Example-Question Calculate the rate of reaction at 20 seconds

Answer:

- Draw a tangent to the curve at 20 seconds:

6.1.2-Rate-of-reaction-Worked-Example-Answer

- Complete the triangle and read off the values of x and y
- Determine the gradient of the line using ?y / ?x
- Rate of reaction = 24?÷ 40 =?0.60 cm^3?s^-1

Exam Tip

When drawing the tangent to a curve make the triangle large and try to intersect with gridlines if you can. This minimises errors of precision and reduces the chance you will accidently misread the graph values

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