雙語 | 留學申請的六條實用語法規則
6 Handy Grammar Rules
for Your College Application
You’ve worked hard to craft a fantastic essay for your college application. The result is a draft that is genuine, clear, and that shows the admissions committee who you really are. But before you send off your application, we recommend that you let someone you trust (and whose writing abilities you trust) take a look. Why? The more time you spend with a piece of your own writing, the less likely you are to spot errors.
為了申請大學，你辛辛苦苦寫了一篇很不錯的申請信，情感真實，思路清晰，也向申請委員會說明了你的個人情況。但在遞交申請之前，我們建議你找一個信得過的人（并且你相信這個人的寫作能力）幫你檢查一下。為什么要這么做呢？這是因為你在自己的文章上花費的時間越長，你就越難發現里面的錯誤。
Colleges Do Notice Grammar Mistakes
語法錯誤肯定逃不過招生官的法眼
We know from working with colleges every year that when it comes to your college application, grammatical accuracy is key. In fact, admissions officers tell us that while grammar mistakes are distracting (and can even cast doubt on the amount of care you put into your essay’s composition), good grammar fades into the background letting your ideas and unique qualities shine through.
我們每年都在做大學申請這方面的工作，說到申請信，語法準確性最為關鍵。事實上，招生人員告訴我們，語法錯誤會分散人的注意力（甚至會讓他們懷疑你沒有在文章上花什么心思），而語法準確則會形成烘托，讓你的觀點和特質突顯出來。
Before you submit your application make sure you proofread your essay from beginning to end, proofread it again, and then proofread it some more. Check out these six essential grammar rules to get started. Trust us: mastery of these grammatical pitfalls will help you succeed when you get to college, too!
提交申請之前，一定要保證把你的文章從頭至尾校對一遍，再一遍，然后再多校對幾遍。校對就從這六項重要的語法規則開始。相信我們，了解這些語法陷阱會助你成功申請大學。
CATEGORY
類型
WHAT'S THE RULE?
語法規則
BAD GRAMMAR
糟糕的語法
GOOD GRAMMAR
準確的語法
Misplaced Modifier
修飾詞放錯位置
A word or phrase that describes something should go right next to the thing it modifies
修飾某事物的詞或短語應該緊跟在被修飾的事物之后。
Eaten in Mediterranean countries for centures, northern Europeans viewed the tomato with suspicion.
Eaten in Mediterranean countries for centuries, the tomato was viewed with suspicion by northern Europeans.
在地中海國家備收青睞的西紅柿，卻遭到了北歐人的質疑。
Pronouns
代詞
A pronoun must refer unambiguously to a noun, and it must agree (singular or plural) with that noun.
一個代詞指代一個名詞，不能引起歧義，并且要同名詞保持單復數的一致。
The golden retriever is one of the smartest breeds of dogs, but they would have trouble writing essays for college admission.
The golden retriever is one of the smartest breeds of dogs, but it would have trouble writing an essay for college admission.
金毛獵犬是最聰明的犬種之一，但它要想寫大學申請書，還是有一定困難。
Subject/Verb Agreement
主謂一致
The subject must always agree with the verb. Make sure you don't forget what the subject of a sentence is, and don't use the subject of a preposition as the subject.
主語必須和謂語動詞保持一致。不要忘了句子的主語是什么，不要把介詞的主語當作句子的主語。
Each of the men involved in the extensive renovations were engineers.
Each of the men involved in the extensive renovations was an engineer.
參與大規模修復工程的都是工程師。
Parallel Construction
平行結構
Two or more ideas in a single sentence that are parallel need to be similar in grammatical form.
在一句話中，兩個或兩個以上的平行觀點要在語法形式上保持一致。
To provide a child with the skills necessary for survival in modern life is like guaranteeing their success.
Providing children with the skills necesssary for survival in modern life is like guaranteeing their success.
讓孩子掌握在現今社會的生存技能，就等于給他們鎖定了成功。
Comparisons
比較
You can only compare like things.
你只能比較有相似之處的事物。
The rules of written English are more stringent than spoken English.
The rules of written English are more stringent than those of spoken English.
書面英語的規則比口頭英語更嚴格。
Passive/Active Voice
被/主動語態
Choose the active voice, in which the subject performs the action.
如果句子的動作由主語發出，使用主動語態。
After months were spent trying to keep justdillpickles.com afloat single-handedly, resignation was chosen by me.
After I spent months trying to keep justdillpickles.com afloat single-handedly, I chose to resign.
我花了幾個月讓justdillpickles.com（某個網站）獨立周轉資金，然后選擇了辭職。
英文來源：The Princeton Review
翻譯：陳軍芳
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