ECO精讀 | Volume 05

Category: 實習求職, 申請求職 Date: 2018年3月6日下午6:30

go east, young founder“中漂”的年輕創(chuàng)業(yè)者

business ┃ 選自2,24 business

Chinese cities are competing to woo overseas entrepreneurs中國城市競相吸引海外企業(yè)家投資

woo / wu? /vt. to try to get the support of sb爭取 (支持、選票)；招攬；尋求entrepreneur/ ??ntr?pr??n??(r); NAmE ?ɑ?n- / n. [C]

a person who makes money by starting or running businesses, especially when this involves taking financial risks創(chuàng)業(yè)者,企業(yè)家(尤指涉及財務風險的)

? entrepreneurial / -?n??ri?l / adj.具有企業(yè)家素質的，富于企業(yè)家精神的，創(chuàng)業(yè)的

entrepreneurial skills/flair

辦企業(yè)的能力/企業(yè)家才能

? entrepreneurship n. [U]企業(yè)家的身份（或活動）該詞同義詞為businessman/businesswoman，另有

enterprise n. [C]企業(yè)，公司，企業(yè)活動，n. [U]事業(yè)心，進取心，創(chuàng)業(yè)精神

1WHEN Maria Veikhman, founder of SCORISTA, a Russian credit-scoring（信用評分） startup, was considering expansion abroad, China immediately came to mind.

She believes the scope（n. [U]機會,施展余地）there is vast, for two-fifths of Chinese have no credit records.

Ms Veikhman settled in Tianfu Software Park, a state-owned（adj.國有的） incubator in Chengdu, capital of Sichuan province where city authorities（n. [C] usually pl.當局，官方）

“offer almost everything for free”. Complementary facilities range from office space, basic furniture and logistics （n. [U]后勤，物流）

services to detailed guidance on entrepreneurial methods.

第一段解析以俄羅斯創(chuàng)業(yè)公司SCORISTA創(chuàng)始人的一席話引出中國市場具有潛力，并且提到了成都市政府對海外創(chuàng)業(yè)者提供了極大的支持和優(yōu)惠政策，暗合副標題，

中國城市正競相吸引海外企業(yè)家投資。

incubator /'??kj?be?t?/n. [C] 孵化器，培育器

A?business incubator?is a company that helps new and?startup companies?to develop by providing services such as?management training?or?office space.

企業(yè)孵化器是指通過提供管理培訓或辦公空間等服務來幫助新公司和創(chuàng)業(yè)公司發(fā)展的公司。

incubate / ?i?kjubeit / vt. (of a bird 鳥) 孵(卵)；孵化credit records 信用紀錄credit report 信用報告settle in/into sthto make a place your permanent home;to move into a new home, job, etc.

and start to feel comfortable there定居；安頓下來；習慣于(新居)；適應(新工作):

Eg：How are the kids settling into their new school?孩子們在新學校習慣了嗎？

Eg：She settled in Vienna after her father's death. 父親死后,她就在維也納定居了。

range from1. [range +adv. / prep.] range (from A to B)? 包括(從…到…)之間的各類事物:

Eg：She has had a number of different jobs, ranging from chef to swimming instructor. 她做過許多不同的工作,從廚師到游泳教練。

Eg：The conversation ranged widely ( covered a lot of different topics).談話所涉及的范圍很廣。

2. range from A to B | range between A and B (在一定的范圍內)變化,變動:

Eg：range in size / length / price from A to B尺寸/長度/價格在 A 到 B 間變動

Eg：Accommodation ranges from tourist class to luxury hotels. 住宿條件從經(jīng)濟旅館至豪華賓館不等。

最后一句中用range from…to…短語寫了數(shù)個并列的adj.+ n.

短語，從office space（辦公空間）, basic furniture（基礎的家具） and logistics services（物流服務）到detailed guidance on entrepreneurial methods（關于創(chuàng)業(yè)方法的詳細指導），

寥寥數(shù)語，體現(xiàn)出成都政府有關部門對foreign startups的重視，提供了許多幫助，幾乎完全免費。

SCORISTA搜索為位于成都天府軟件園的俄羅斯金融科技創(chuàng)業(yè)團隊，大數(shù)據(jù)風控模型服務商，該團隊憑借在數(shù)學建模、數(shù)據(jù)分析領域的優(yōu)勢，為中小微金融機構提供風險決策支持，幫助他們降低逾期、提高盈利。

part 1譯文當俄羅斯信用評分初創(chuàng)公司SCORISTA的創(chuàng)始人瑪麗亞?維赫曼(Maria Veikhman)考慮海外擴張時，她立即想到了中國。

她認為，中國市場很大，四成中國人沒有信用記錄。

維赫曼女士的公司落戶在四川省會成都的國有孵化園區(qū)——天府軟件園內，那里的市政府“幾乎免費提供一切”。

那里配套設施齊全，有辦公空間、基礎家具、物流服務，還有詳細的創(chuàng)業(yè)指導。

2Chengdu aims to catch up with Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenzhen, which at present are in a different entrepreneurial league（n. [C]聯(lián)盟，同盟）—together they have over a hundred unicorns, or private startups worth over $1bn.

The south-western city allocated 200m yuan ($30m) in 2016 to an innovation-and-startup fund for overseas founders, and hands out up to 1m yuan in cash to well-capitalised foreign startups and joint ventures.

If the founders are “top international talents”, such as Nobel laureates（/ ?l?ri?t; NAmE ?l??r- / n. [C]榮譽獲得者；獲獎者）, the incentive （n. [C]/ [U] 獎勵）soars to 100m yuan.

Last March Chengdu’s Hi-Tech Zone opened an office to provide startup services for expats, including corporate（adj.公司的，法人的） registrations.

Some 3,000 foreigners now work there, many operating （vt/vi.經(jīng)營，營業(yè)）their own businesses.

第二段解析承接上段，繼續(xù)敘述成都希望追趕北上深等，提供了創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)基金及一系列相關政策吸引海外創(chuàng)業(yè)人才。

文中直接敘述具體金額， 2億人民幣劃撥、100萬甚至是1億的獎金足體現(xiàn)出成都對海外創(chuàng)業(yè)者的重視。

unicorn n. [C]（傳說中的）獨角獸。

獨角獸（unicorn）是西方神話中額前有一個螺旋角的神獸.

根據(jù)全球創(chuàng)業(yè)投資領域通行的說法,"獨角獸公司"（unicorn companies）是指那些估值達到10億美元以上的創(chuàng)業(yè)公司.

因其稀有、珍貴,能夠躋身"獨角獸俱樂部"成了全球無數(shù)創(chuàng)業(yè)者的夢想.

同理，decacorn（deca-構成名詞，十）和hectocorn（hecto-構成名詞，常用于計量單位，百）指估值超過100億美元和1000億美元的公司，稱“十角獸”企業(yè)和“百角獸”企業(yè)。

expat 同expatriate / ?eks?p?tri?t; NAmE -?peit- /1.n. [C]a person living in a country that is not their own居住在國外的人；僑民:
Eg：American expatriates in Paris 居住在巴黎的美國人
2.adj. [only before noun] :Eg：expatriate Britons in Spain 居住在西班牙的英國人 expatriate workers在國外工作的人catch up (with sb) (BrE also catch sb up)

1.???? to reach sb who is ahead by going faster趕上,追上(某人):

2.???? to reach the same level or standard as sb who was better or more advanced趕上,達到(某水平):

catch up with sb

3.???? to finally start to cause problems for sb after they have managed to avoid this for some time產(chǎn)生(曾設法避免的)問題

Eg：She was terrified that one day her past problems would catch up with her.

她十分害怕過去的問題總有一天又會來困擾她。

4.???? if the police or authorities catch up with sb, they find and punish them after some time終于查到某人頭上:

Eg：The law caught up with him years later when he had moved to Spain.

多年后當他已移居西班牙時最終還是受到法律的制裁。

hand sth ↔ 'out (to sb) 原文意為分發(fā)（現(xiàn)金），與前文allocate…to…分撥…給… 意思相似，上下文改變用詞增加了可讀性。

1.to give a number of things to the members of a group分發(fā)某物（SYN distribute）Eg：Could you hand these books out, please? 請把這些書發(fā)給大家好嗎？
2. to give advice, a punishment, etc.提出,給予(建議、懲罰等):

Eg：He's always handing out advice to people.

他總是喜歡教訓人。

joint ventures n. [C]???(business 商) a business project or activity that is begun by ten or more companies, etc.

, which remain separate organizations合營企業(yè)；合資企業(yè)?part 2譯文成都力圖追趕北京、上海和深圳。

這些一線城市屬于另一創(chuàng)業(yè)聯(lián)盟，總計已經(jīng)擁有上百家獨角獸企業(yè)（價值超過十億美元的初創(chuàng)企業(yè)）。

2016年，成都針對海外創(chuàng)業(yè)者設立了總額達2億元人民幣(3000萬美元)的創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)基金，并向資本充足的外國初創(chuàng)企業(yè)和合資企業(yè)發(fā)放最高可達100萬元的現(xiàn)金。

如果創(chuàng)始人是“頂尖的國際人才”，如諾貝爾獲獎者，那么該獎金就會飆升至1億元。

去年3月，成都高新區(qū)開設了一個辦事處，為外籍人士提供包括企業(yè)注冊在內的創(chuàng)業(yè)服務。

現(xiàn)在大約有3000名外國人在那里工作，許多人經(jīng)營著自己的企業(yè)。

3Other cities are making similar moves（n.行動，措施）.

Beijing and Zhejiang have opened well-funded centres for overseas entrepreneurs.

The authorities may be particularly keen on attracting venturesome（adj.大膽的，好冒險的）

“sea turtles（海歸）”, meaning foreign-educated or foreign-born Chinese, but they help non-ethnic Chinese too.

Shanghai and Wuhan, the capital of Hubei province, are planning new facilities for winners of international startup competitions held in China.

In at least ten provinces, new immigration policies are easing the visa process.

Foreigners graduating from Chinese universities can apply for two- to five-year residence permits （n.許可證（尤指限期的））

marked “startup”. If they meet certain criteria, expatriates working for young firms can apply for permanent residence.

In Zhongguancun, a tech hub（n. [C]中心，核心） in Beijing, 353 expatriates have been issued with “green cards（綠卡）” since 2016.

A state-owned incubator there, Zhongguancun Inno Way, in 2017 incubated 878 startups; 121 of them were founded by foreigners or by sea turtles.

第三段解析句首一句其他城市也不甘示弱推行著類似的舉措，承上文對成都的描寫，并帶出本段對其他城市的描寫，各大城市包括北京上海等均對海歸等海外創(chuàng)業(yè)者青眼有加，發(fā)放綠卡，開辦創(chuàng)業(yè)中心。

同時，最后一句對中關村的描寫也可看出政府的大力支持也造就了海外企業(yè)欣欣向榮之勢。

前三段從成都一家海外創(chuàng)業(yè)公司入手，通過對成都及各大城市的描寫體現(xiàn)了海外創(chuàng)業(yè)企業(yè)的大好前景，此為“揚”，之后下文冷不防提出外國企業(yè)家面臨的三大難關為“抑”，陡然轉折則引人深思。

be keen on sb / sth / on doing sth (BrE, informal) liking sb / sth very much; very interested in sb / sth喜愛；(對…)著迷,有興趣:Eg：She's not keen on being told what to do.

她不喜歡別人向她發(fā)號施令。

easing the visa process：簡化簽證流程

be issued with： sb be issued with sth| sth be issued (to sb)(officially) (正式)發(fā)給,供給

Eg：to issue passports / visas / tickets 發(fā)護照/簽證/票

Eg：New members will be issued with a temporary identity card.

新成員將配發(fā)臨時身份卡。

Eg：Work permits were issued to only 5% of those who applied for them.

工作許可證只發(fā)給了 5% 的申請人。

Zhongguancun Inno Way搜索中關村創(chuàng)業(yè)大街，位于我國創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)資源最為密集的中關村核心區(qū)，是北京市、海淀區(qū)政府共同打造的我國第一條以創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)為主題的特色街區(qū)，由北京海淀置業(yè)集團投資建設，中關村創(chuàng)業(yè)大街科技服務有限公司運營。

part 3譯文其他城市也在開展類似的活動。

北京和浙江為海外企業(yè)家開設了資金充足的的創(chuàng)業(yè)中心。

政府可能特別熱衷于吸引愛冒險的“海歸”，即那些在海外留學或者在國外出生的中國人，但是，政府也同樣樂意幫助非華裔的創(chuàng)業(yè)者。

上海和湖北省省會武漢正在為在中國舉辦的國際創(chuàng)業(yè)大賽的獲勝者規(guī)劃新設施。

在至少十個省份內，新的移民政策正在簡化簽證程序。

從中國大學畢業(yè)的外國人可以申請2-5年的印有“創(chuàng)業(yè)”標志的居留許可證。

如果那些為初創(chuàng)公司工作的外籍人士符合某些標準，他們可以申請永久居留權。

北京的科技中心中關村，自2016年以來，已有353位外籍人士取得了“綠卡”。

2017年，在中關村創(chuàng)業(yè)大街（一個國有孵化園區(qū)）新成立了878家創(chuàng)業(yè)公司，其中，有121家公司由外國人或者“海歸”們創(chuàng)立。

4Three big hurdles still stand in the way of foreign entrepreneurs.

Despite cities’ efforts to smooth immigration, for many founders visas are still hard to come by.

Ms Veikhman has been refused a visa for months with little explanation, and has to shuttle between Moscow and Chengdu each month.

Tight internet control also cuts the efficiency of starting a business.

Overseas entrepreneurs must work hard to adapt to the internet environment inside the “great firewall” where Google, Twitter and many other services are blocked.

第四段解析盡管中國形勢大好，然對外國企業(yè)家來說仍有三大難題擺在前，本段提出兩個，包括簽證的難以獲得，中國對互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的嚴格把控。

并舉出Maria Veikhman的例子，她必須兩頭跑，這使創(chuàng)業(yè)效率大大降低。

hurdle / ?h??dl; NAmE ?h??rdl /n.

a problem or difficulty that must be solved or dealt with before you can achieve sth難關；障礙(SYN? obstacle ):Eg：The next hurdle will be getting her parents' agreement.

下一個難關是征得她父母的同意。

smooth immigration：聯(lián)系上下文不難理解，smooth在是動詞，意為消除…困難，解決…問題，這里意思是，消除移民困難。

▪ smooth sth ↔ away / out：to make problems or difficulties disappear消除(問題)；克服(困難)▪ smooth sth ↔ over：to make problems or difficulties seem less important or serious, especially by talking to people緩和；調解；斡旋:

Eg：She spoke to both sides in the dispute in an attempt to smooth things over.

她和爭執(zhí)雙方談話,試圖進行調解。shuttle/ ???tl / vi. [+adv. / prep.]1. vi. ~ (between A and B) to travel between two places frequently頻繁往來(于甲地和乙地之間):

Eg：Her childhood was spent shuttling between her mother and father.

她的童年是在父母之間穿梭往來中度過的。

2. vt.

to carry people between two places that are close, making regular journeys between the two places(在較近的兩地之間定時)往返運送:

Eg：A bus shuttles passengers back and forth from the station to the terminal.

一輛公共汽車在火車站和公共汽車終點站之間往返運送旅客。

cut the efficiency：efficiency 意為效率，動詞通常搭配bring、enhance、improve、increase、promote或decrease、reduce、lose等，原文用cut the effiency，cut意為消減，降低，更為形象傳神，表現(xiàn)出互聯(lián)網(wǎng)管制對創(chuàng)業(yè)效率的極大限制和阻礙。

cut前also一詞引出三大難關中第二關：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)管制，體現(xiàn)出第一關：難以獲得簽證同樣使創(chuàng)業(yè)效率大大降低。

stand in the/sb's way：preventing something from happening, prevent sb from doing 妨礙… ,擋著…的路come by：vt. obtain or find sth.弄到;得到

Eg：How did you come by that cheque?你是怎么弄到那張支票的？

Eg：In rural France, English language magazines are rather hard to come by.

在法國鄉(xiāng)村，很難找到英語雜志。

great firewall：防火長城（英文名稱Great Firewall of China，簡寫為Great Firewall，縮寫GFW），也稱中國防火墻或中國國家防火墻，指中華人民共和國政府在其管轄因特網(wǎng)內部建立的多套網(wǎng)絡審查系統(tǒng)的總稱，包括相關行政審查系統(tǒng)。

part 4譯文然而，外國企業(yè)家（在華）發(fā)展仍面臨三大難題。

首先，雖然很多城市在努力簡化簽證要求，但很多創(chuàng)業(yè)者仍然很難拿到簽證。

維赫曼女士的簽證已經(jīng)長達數(shù)月沒有獲批，而且官方幾乎沒有任何解釋，因此她不得不每個月往返于莫斯科和成都之間。

其次，中國對互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的嚴格控制也降低了創(chuàng)業(yè)的效率。

海外的企業(yè)家必須努力適應“長城防火墻”內的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)環(huán)境，谷歌、Twitter和許多其他服務都被屏蔽。

5Notwithstanding the cash on offer from Chengdu and other cities, raising proper finance also remains problematic（adj.造成困難的，產(chǎn)生問題的）.

Capital（n. sing.資本，資金） controls make it difficult for venture-capital（風險資本） firms that use yuan to invest in foreign entities（n. [C]獨立存在物，實體）; they usually have to enter a joint venture with a Chinese citizen. Local investors tend to prefer backing fully Chinese enterprises.

第五段解析本段提出了第三個難題，籌措資金的問題。上一段的despite和本段開頭notwithstanding都表現(xiàn)了成都和其他政府提供了一些幫助，但這些幫助仍舊沒有解決這三個難關。notwithstanding/ ?n?twiθ?st?ndi?; -wie-; NAmE ?nɑ?t- /

1.??????? prep.???(formal) (亦用于其所指名詞之后) without being affected by sth; despite sth雖然；盡管:

Eg：Notwithstanding some major financial problems, the school has had a successful year.

雖然有些重大的經(jīng)費問題,這所學校一年來還是很成功。

Eg：The bad weather notwithstanding, the event was a great success.

盡管天氣惡劣,活動還是取得了巨大的成功。

2.??????? ?adverb???(formal) despite this盡管如此（SYN? however , nevertheless

Eg：Notwithstanding, the problem is a significant one.

然而,這個問題仍很重要。

on offer

1. that can be bought, used, etc.提供的；可買到；可使用:Eg： Prizes worth more than ￡20 000 are on offer.

優(yōu)勝者獎品總值逾 20 000 英鎊。

2. (especially BrE) on sale at a lower price than normal for a short period of time短期內打折銷售；削價出售:

Eg：Italian wines are on (special) offer this week.意大利葡萄酒本周特價銷售。

part 5譯文雖然成都和其他城市提供了現(xiàn)金資助，但融資依是問題。

資本管制導致風投公司難以用人民幣投資純粹的外國企業(yè)，外國企業(yè)一般需要得與中國公民組成合資企業(yè)。

當?shù)赝顿Y者則更傾向于支持地地道道的中國企業(yè)。

6Yet the country’s other attractions are potent（adj.強大的，強有力的）.

“Even a niche market in China is a huge one,” says Greig Charlton, a former British banker who has run 247tickets.com, a ticket-purchase website, in Shanghai since 2014.

Thanks to the promise（n. [U]（成功的）跡象） of online ticket-booking in China, a relatively inexperienced entrepreneur like Mr Charlton has the opportunity to work with some of the world’s biggest concert-promoters.

第六段解析在前兩段寫三大難關阻礙重重之后，本段開頭yet轉折，盡管有許多困難，但是中國仍然有巨大的吸引力，并引Greig的例子體現(xiàn)中國具有強大的市場。

“抑” 在前，本段可謂再“揚”，一波三折可以看出作者以及廣大投資者對中國市場前景的信心。

這三段中轉折詞，遞進詞用的尤為傳神，從三大難關“still”仍然在阻礙，用“despite”“also”和“notwithstanding”闡述了盡管政府采取了促進移民進程，提供資金等政策，仍然存在三個難關。

本段開頭再次轉折，盡管有三個阻礙，yet然而中國仍有強大的吸引力。Even：

used to introduce a more exact description of sb / sth (引出更精確的說法)甚至可以說,其實,實際上:niche/ ni??; nit?; NAmE nit?; ni?? / n.

1. (business 商) an opportunity to sell a particular product to a particular group of people(產(chǎn)品的)商機；市場定位:

Eg：They spotted a niche in the market, with no serious competition.他們看到市場上一個競爭不激烈的商機。

2. a comfortable or suitable role, job, way of life, etc.舒適或稱心的工作(或生活等):

Eg：He eventually found his niche in sports journalism.最后他在體育新聞界找到了理想的工作。

part 6譯文然而，中國卻具有其它更強大的吸引力。

英國前銀行家格雷格·查爾頓（Greig Charlton）2014年起在上海經(jīng)營票務網(wǎng)站247tickets.com，他說，“在中國，小眾市場的規(guī)模也十分龐大。

”因為線上票務在中國的可觀前景，像查爾頓這樣相對缺乏經(jīng)驗的企業(yè)家也有機會跟世界上一些最大的藝術演出贊助人合作。

7A deep pool of talent is another lure（usually sing. 吸引力）—the reason why, for example, App Annie, a market data and insights provider co-founded by a group of European entrepreneurs in Beijing, maintained its R&D centre in Beijing even after it shifted its headquarters（（單數(shù)集合名詞，形式為復數(shù)，可+sing/pl.v.）總部，總公司） to San Francisco.

When Stuart Oda, a Japanese entrepreneur, co-founded Alesca Life, a Beijing-based agricultural-technology company, he found young Chinese executives（n.[C]經(jīng)理，主管人員） far more willing to take a risk with a startup than Japanese ones were.

第七段解析中國的吸引力除了強大的市場以外，還有充足的人才儲備，本段連舉兩個例子，再次體現(xiàn)出中國對海外創(chuàng)業(yè)者強大的吸引力。

pool：n.[C]~ (of sth) a group of people available for work when needed(統(tǒng)稱)備用人員:

Eg：a pool of cheap labour 廉價后備勞力

find…far more willing to：find在這里意思是認為，感到，對…有看法，用法為find+ n. +adj. willing是adj. be willing to do 愿意，樂意做，far修飾形容詞比較級，形容非常，很大程度上。

take a risk | take risks：to do sth even though you know that sth bad could happen as a result冒險(做某事):Eg：You have no right to take risks with other people's lives.

你沒有權力拿別人的生命去冒險。

part 7譯文擁有充足的人才庫是中國的另一個吸引力。

例如，就因為這個原因，App Annie這個由歐洲企業(yè)家在北京共同創(chuàng)立的提供市場數(shù)據(jù)和商業(yè)觀察的公司，甚至在其北京總部遷至舊金山后，依然維持著它在北京的研發(fā)中心。

當日本企業(yè)家Stuart Oda在北京聯(lián)合創(chuàng)立農業(yè)技術公司Alesca Life時，他發(fā)現(xiàn)，跟日本人相比，中國的年輕高管更愿意和創(chuàng)業(yè)企業(yè)一起承擔風險。

8Low labour costs as well as preferential（adj.優(yōu)先的，優(yōu)惠的） land and taxation policies also help startups.

In the internet realm prominent（adj.重要的，著名的）examples of those founded by foreigners in China are Qunar.com, a popular travel portal（n.[C]門戶網(wǎng)站）, and Tudou.com, which merged with Youku, another startup, in 2012 to become China’s biggest video-streaming（視頻流，指視頻數(shù)據(jù)的傳輸） platform. Qunar.com was co-founded by Fritz Demopoulos, an American. A Dutch serial（adj.連續(xù)的，多次的） entrepreneur, Marc van der Chijs, co-founded Tudou.com.

第八段解析6、7、8三段在4、5段提出三個難題后，又針鋒相對的提出了中國一系列的吸引力，包括本段提出的勞動力、地價和稅收等一系列政策，從而也解釋了為何在有這些阻礙后，中國的海外創(chuàng)業(yè)市場依舊蓬勃而上，與1、2段里描寫的情形呼應。

A merge (with / into) B | merge A with B | merge A and B (together)to combine or make two or more things combine to form a single thing (使)合并,結合,并入:

Eg：His department will merge with mine.

他的部門將和我的合并。

Eg：The villages expanded and merged into one large town.

這些村莊擴大了并且結合成了一個大集鎮(zhèn)。

part 8譯文低廉的勞動力成本、優(yōu)惠地價和稅收政策也都有利于新興企業(yè)。

在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)領域里，外國人在中國創(chuàng)業(yè)的顯著例子有頗受歡迎的旅游門戶網(wǎng)站——去哪兒網(wǎng)Qunar.

com，還有2012年與另一家初創(chuàng)公司優(yōu)酷（Youku）合并的土豆網(wǎng)，合并后成為中國最大的視頻流媒體平臺。

去哪兒網(wǎng)的創(chuàng)始人之一是美國的弗里茨·戴姆波洛斯（Fritz Demopoulos）。

土豆網(wǎng)的創(chuàng)始人之一是荷蘭的連續(xù)創(chuàng)業(yè)者馬克·凡·德·奇斯（Marc van der Chijs）。

9What explains the warmth（n.熱情） towards overseas entrepreneurs? Lin Tao, a senior official of Chengdu’s hi-tech zone, gives a simple answer.

Chengdu wants to turn itself into a cosmopolitan city like New York and London by 2025, and “the gathering of global talents is a precondition（+for/of sth …的先決條件）”, he says. Another entrepreneurial type, Steven Tong, chief executive of Startupbootcamp China, cites the government’s desire to develop cutting-edge technologies.

It also wants to promote a favourable view of China, he notes, and that is far easier to achieve with startups than with established multinational companies.

第九段解析第一句問如何解釋海外創(chuàng)業(yè)者的熱情，其實之前的6、7、8已經(jīng)給出答案，其中原因大多是本國情況。

可以說這段是從為什么政府鼓勵并吸引海外投資方面作答，城市需要發(fā)展，國家需要科技，同時也需要增進本國在國際的友好度，故而不難得出，天時（政府及政策鼓勵）、地利（市場潛力）、人和（人才及勞動力）共同促進了中國的海外創(chuàng)業(yè)者的熱情。

cosmopolitan/ ?k?zm??p?lit?n; NAmE ?kɑ?zm??pɑ?l- /1.adj. containing people of different types or from different countries, and influenced by their culture世界性的；全球各國的；有各國人的；受各國文化影響的:Eg：a cosmopolitan city / resort 國際性的都市/度假勝地Eg：The club has a cosmopolitan atmosphere.

這個俱樂部具有世界文化的氣氛

2.adj. having or showing a wide experience of people and things from many different countries接觸過許多國家的人(或事物)的；見過世面的；見識廣的:

Eg：people with a truly cosmopolitan outlook 真正具有世界眼光的人

Eg：cosmopolitan young people 見多識廣的年輕人

3.n.a person who has experience of many different parts of the world周游世界的人:

Eg：She's a real cosmopolitan.

她是個真正的世界主義者。

Startupbootcamp?is a network of industry-focused?startup accelerators.

cite和note在文中都是指出，提到的意思。

cutting-edge adj. 尖端的，高端的，最前沿的

cutting edge? n. [sing.]

1. the ~ (of sth) the newest, most advanced stage in the development of sth(處于某事物發(fā)展的)尖端,最前沿,領先階段: