LinkingIvy Independent Study Program (科研常青藤獨立研究項目) ——2019普林斯頓教授招生 前言:近年來,中學生科研逐漸進入準留學生們的視野。科研能力是美國大學非常重視的一項能力,具有優(yōu)秀科研能力的學生一直以來受到各個大學招生官的青睞。科研常青藤致力于為學術成就優(yōu)異的高中生提供近距離接觸高端科研的平臺,本次的項目聯(lián)合普林斯頓物理系教授,針對對于物理方向有興趣的同學展開
項目簡介
科研課題
Radio Pulsars A radio pulsar is formed when a massivestar collapses via a supernova process. The collapsed star is a neutron starand has the density of nuclear matter. A star the size of our Sun would resultin a neutron star the size of a large city. Electromagnetic energy (radiowaves) are emitted along the direction of the neutron star’s magnetic axis,creating a lighthouse effect that results in what appear to be pulses toobservers on Earth, as the beam of the pulsar sweeps by. Many aspects ofpulsars can be understood in terms of high school and freshman physics. ? Quarkonia Quarks are the fundamental buildingblocks of atomic nuclei. There are six known quark flavors: up, down, charm,strange, top, and bottom. The first two of these are light and stable and formthe main constituents of normal matter. The last four of these are massive butslightly unstable and thus are not found in regular matter. They can, however,be readily produced at particle accelerators. If one of these heavy quarks isbrought into contact with its anti-matter counterpart, it can form a type ofatom. Such atoms, known as quarkonia, are extremely short lived, but likenormal atoms, have well defined energy levels and are capable of absorbing andemitting light at certain wavelengths. By studying the energy levels and thetransitions between them, one can learn about quarks and the strong (nuclear)interaction that binds them together.
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