INO全球神經科學奧賽2024 Opens Mock

A patient arrives in the emergency room presenting with involuntary jerking movements and progressive cognitive decline. Doctors conduct genetic testing revealing an expanded HTT gene CAG repeat. What condition does the test result successfully conclude??
A) Parkinson’s Disease?
B) Huntington’s Disease?
C) ALS?
D) Multiple Sclerosis?

When observing reduced dopamine levels in the substantia nigra, the disease inflicted causes the aggregates of WHICH protein??
A) Tau Protein?
B) Amyloid Beta?
C) Alpha-Synuclein?
D) Prion Protein?

Which protein is mutated in Wilson’s disease leading to impaired copper transport and accumulation??
A) ATP7B?
B) COMT?
C) PANK2?
D) ATP1A3?

In a study on fear conditioning, researchers observed rapid plasticity in the lateral amygdala. Which neurotrophic factor, released by the postsynaptic neuron, is crucial for this process??
A) Nerve Growth Factor (NGF)?
B) Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF)?
C) Brain-derived neurotrophic Factor (BDNF)?
D) Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3)?

Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in the fight-or-flight response and is produced in the adrenal medulla??
A) Dopamine?
B) Serotonin?
C) Norepinephrine?
D) Acetylcholine

Which part of the nervous system (brain region) is primarily responsible for regulating hunger and thirst??
A) Hippocampus?
B) Ghrelin?
C) Thalamus?
D) Hypothalamus?

Which lysosomal enzyme deficiency is responsible for the accumulation of sphingomyelin in Niemann-Pick Disease Type A and B??
A) Glucocerebrosidase?
B) Alpha-Galactosidase?
C) Sphingomyelinase?
D) Hexosaminidase A?

During a call, EMTs attend to a patient exhibiting symptoms of severe depression and anxiety. They transport the patient to the nearest hospital, where the patient undergoes an MRI revealing a decrease in the hippocampal volume. Which hormone is most likely elevated in this patient??
A) Cortisol?
B) Serotonin?
C) Leptin?
D) Ghrelin?

In multiple sclerosis (MS), the immune system attacks which component of the nervous system?
A) Dendritic nucleus axonometric cord?
B) Ureter?
C) Axon?
D) Myelin Sheath?

A patient involved in a severe car accident suffers from partial damage to their Broca’s area. What should this patient expect difficulty with??
A) Performing complex calculus?
B) Recognizing faces?
C) Coordinating movement?
D) Producing speech?

In Alzheimer’s disease, what type of plaque accumulates in the brain??
A) Amyloid Beta?
B) Tau Tangles?
C) Prion?
D) Dense-core plaques

Which neurotransmitter is associated with feelings of pleasure and reward??
A) Dopamine?
B) Serotonin?
C) GABA?
D) Glutamate?

Which type of cell primarily consists of the blood-brain barrier, or BBB??
A) Neurons?
B) Astrocytes?
C) Glioblastoma?
D) Microglia?

Which of the following is a key pathological hallmark of frontotemporal dementia (FTD)??
A) Neurofibrillary Tangles?
B) Amyloid Plaques?
C) Lewy Body Dementia?
D) Tau Protein Aggregates?

Which of the following neurotrophic factors is primarily involved in the survival and maintenance of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra??
A) BDNF?
B) GDNF?
C) NGF?
D) NT-3?

Which specific microRNA has been implicated in the regulation of amyloid precursor protein (APP) expression in Alzheimer’s disease??
A) miR-155?
B) miR-29a?
C) miR-124?
D) miR-107?

Which form of prion disease is characterized by rapidly progressive dementia, myoclonus, and distinctive spongiform changes in the brain??
A) Kuru?
B) Fatal Familial Insomnia?
C) Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
D) Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker Syndrome?

Which enzyme involved in the urea cycle has been linked to hyperammonemia and hepatic encephalopathy when deficient??
A) Ornithine Transcarbamylase?
B) Arginase?
C) Carbamoyl phosphate Synthetase I?
D) Arginosuccinate Lyase?

Which inherited disorder is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration due to the accumulation of lipofuscin in the body’s tissue??
A) Niemann-Pick Disease?
B) Batten Disease?
C) Gaucher disease?
D) Tay-Sachs Disease?

Which molecular chaperone is crucial for the proper folding and function of the CFTR protein mutation that causes cystic fibrosis??
A) Hsp70?
B) Hsp90?
C) Calnexin?
D) BiP

答案

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