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共計2.5小時考試時間
此套試卷由兩部分題目組成
Part A共8題,每題5分
Part B共4題,每題10分
共計12題,滿分80分
不可使用任何計算器
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Part A Solutions:
A7)We make a list of the possible paths that the star could take until it either reaches the top left corner or it moves off the grid. We use “L” to represent a move to the left and “U” to represent a move upwards. The possible paths are:
LLL, LLUL, LLUU, LULL, LULU, LUUL, LUUU,
UUU, UULU, UULL, ULUU, ULUL, ULLU, ULLL
Of these paths, 6 of them reach the top left corner square, namely LLUU, LULU, LUUL, UULL, ULUL, and ULLU.
Each time the star moves, the probability that it moves to the left is 1/2 and the probability that it moves upwards is 1/2 . Thus, the probability that the star follows a particular path of length 3 is (1/2)3= 1/8 and the probability that the star follows a particular path of length 4 is (1/2)4= 1/16 . (We can note that we have 2 paths of length 3 and 12 paths of length 4, which is consistent with the probabilities above, because 2(1/8) + 12(?1/16) = 1/4 + 3/4 = 1.)
Since there are 6 paths of length 4 that reach the top left corner, the probability that the star reaches this square is 6(?1/16) = 3/8 .
Answer: 3/8
Part B Solutions:
B3)
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