2022哈佛國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)論文競(jìng)賽題目有哪些？

2022年末最牛經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)論文大賽——HIEEC哈佛國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)論文學(xué)術(shù)活動(dòng)，首度開(kāi)啟中國(guó)大陸賽區(qū)，學(xué)術(shù)活動(dòng)題目有哪些？分別是生育率、房?jī)r(jià)、環(huán)境與健康、通貨膨脹。備賽時(shí)間僅約一個(gè)月左右！

2022參賽題目

關(guān)鍵詞：中國(guó)生育率

In recent years and decades, many countries have seen fertility rates drop, potentially leading to falling populations. Currently, China has a fertility rate of 1.3, one of the lowest in the world. However, in 2021, China experienced GDP growth of 8% with output totaling $17.7 trillion. Will this lowered fertility rate (with potential to fall further) affect China’s economic growth and policy? How so? What, if anything, can the Chinese government do to limit the risk of falling fertility rates?

近年來(lái)，許多國(guó)家的生育率下降，可能導(dǎo)致人口下降。目前，中國(guó)的生育率為1.3，是世界上最低的國(guó)家之一。然而，2021 年，中國(guó)的 GDP 增長(zhǎng)了 8%，總產(chǎn)值達(dá) 17.7 萬(wàn)億美元。?生育率的下降（可能進(jìn)一步下降）會(huì)影響中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和政策嗎？將帶來(lái)怎樣的影響？中國(guó)政府可以采取哪些措施來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)生育率下降的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)？

關(guān)鍵詞：美國(guó)房?jī)r(jià)

U.S. mortgage rates recently passed 7%, making the purchase of a new home increasingly unaffordable. Meanwhile, the United States has suffered from a chronic shortage of available housing for decades, particularly in urban areas, leading to what many scholars and advocates call an affordability crisis. Why is housing so unaffordable in the U.S.? What can (or should) be done by private actors, state and local governments, and the federal government to alleviate the affordability crisis?

美國(guó)抵押貸款利率最近已超過(guò)了7%，使得人們購(gòu)買(mǎi)新房越來(lái)越難以負(fù)擔(dān)。與此同時(shí)，幾十年來(lái)美國(guó)的可用住房長(zhǎng)期短缺，尤其是城市地區(qū)，從而出現(xiàn)了許多學(xué)者和專家所說(shuō)的負(fù)擔(dān)能力危機(jī)。為什么美國(guó)買(mǎi)不起房？個(gè)人、州和地方政府以及聯(lián)邦政府能夠（或應(yīng)該）做些什么來(lái)緩解負(fù)擔(dān)能力危機(jī)？

關(guān)鍵詞：環(huán)境健康

It is often suggested that a tradeoff exists between economic growth and the health of the environment, especially now as the threat of climate change becomes more dire. What economic risks does a changing climate pose? Can economic growth be consistent with a healthy environment? What policies, either market-based or otherwise, should governments enact to protect the environment while posing the least danger to economic efficiency?

人們常常認(rèn)為，在經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和環(huán)境健康之間存在著權(quán)衡，這一點(diǎn)在氣候變化影響愈發(fā)可怕的今天尤其突出。氣候變化會(huì)帶來(lái)怎樣的經(jīng)濟(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)？經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)能否與環(huán)境健康相一致？無(wú)論是基于市場(chǎng)還是其他因素，政府應(yīng)該制定什么樣的政策來(lái)保護(hù)環(huán)境，同時(shí)將對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)效率的危害降到最小？

關(guān)鍵詞：通貨膨脹

Central banks such as the Federal Reserve in the U.S. and the Bank of England in the UK manage their nation’s macroeconomies with the goal of ensuring price stability and maximum employment. Globally, inflation rates are rising to levels not seen since the 1980s, particularly in the U.S. and European countries. To what extent should the monetary policies of central banks in various Western countries differ or resemble one another as a reaction to the specific causes of inflation facing their economies?

美國(guó)的美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)和英國(guó)的英格蘭銀行等中央銀行管控著本國(guó)的宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)，其目標(biāo)是確保物價(jià)穩(wěn)定和最大限度的就業(yè)。在全球范圍內(nèi)，通貨膨脹率逐漸上升至上世紀(jì)80年來(lái)以來(lái)的最高水平，尤其是美國(guó)和歐洲國(guó)家。
西方各國(guó)的中央銀行貨幣政策應(yīng)保持何種程度的異同，以應(yīng)對(duì)其經(jīng)濟(jì)所面臨的通貨膨脹具體原因？

參賽要求

9-12年級(jí)可參加

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《哈佛經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)評(píng)論》?是一本年度雜志，它提供來(lái)自學(xué)術(shù)界、政府和商業(yè)領(lǐng)域的知識(shí)領(lǐng)袖的獨(dú)特見(jiàn)解，通過(guò)嚴(yán)格的經(jīng)濟(jì)分析和推理的視角，帶來(lái)多元化和結(jié)構(gòu)化的世界觀，解決具有國(guó)家和全球重要性的經(jīng)濟(jì)、商業(yè)和金融領(lǐng)域的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題。

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