IEA全球高中生經濟學論文競賽-2021年真題+參考資料
IEA 全球高中生經濟學論文學術活動
Institute of Economic Affairs Student Essay Competition——The Dorian Fisher Memorial Prize
成立于1955年
IEA 全球高中生經濟學論文學術活動是由英國智庫 （Institute of Economic Affairs，創始人為Fisher先生）舉辦的面向全球所有學習A-Level和IB課程的高中生的經濟學論文學術活動。
該學術活動旨在鍛煉高中生利用經濟學原理解釋社會問題的能力，高中生將通過分析和描述市場在解決經濟和社會問題中的作用，來提高對自由社會基本制度的理解。該學術活動至今已和眾多世界頂級經濟學家和諾貝爾經濟學家合作，他們的部分論文和書籍也包括在每年學術活動題目的參考資料中。
參賽獎勵
第一名（全球1名）將獲得500英鎊獎勵
第二名（全球3名）每人獲得250英鎊獎勵
全球參賽學生最多的高中將獲得500英鎊獎勵
前二十名獲獎學生將被邀請參加IEA于每年秋季舉辦的1日活動
對申請大學的幫助
展示學術研究能力：無論是否能獲獎，學生完成的三篇參賽論文均可作為本科申請的附加材料，提交給所申請的大學，突顯學生對學科（經濟學、社會學）的熱愛和高于其他高中生的學術研究能力。參賽經歷和感想也可作為本科申請文書和面試素材。
鍛煉學術寫作和思辨能力：每年的論文題目都是本科甚至研究生經濟學課程的難度，對高中生非常具有挑戰性。通過參賽，學生可極大提升大學學術寫作和思辨能力，尤其是在分析、引用參考資料中的觀點時。
為大學課程作準備：部分論文題目涉及的主題和大學經濟學課程涉及的主題重合，學生可提前了解大學經濟學課程范圍和難度。
有想法以及需要報名的，掃碼咨詢！
2021年論文題目
( 需完成并提交全部三道題目 )
01A short essay, of roughly 1,200 words, on one of the following questions:
第一篇為1200字論文，在以下三題中選一作答：
(a) What challenges do systemic risks pose for economic thinking and analysis?
系統性的風險對經濟學思想和分析構成了哪些挑戰？
(b) Are economic principles true and applicable in all times and places, or are they historically and contextually specific?
經濟學原理是否在所有時間、地點都正確且能用來解決問題？還是只能在特定的歷史背景適用？
(c) What does the term ‘innovation’ mean in economics and why is the phenomenon of innovation so important for economists?
“創新”一詞在經濟學中的意思是？為什么創新現象對經濟學家非常重要？
02A 500-word answer to one of the following three questions:
第二篇為500字論文，在以下三題中選一作答
(a) What are rational expectations and why do they matter?
理性期望是指什么？為什么理性期望重要？
(b) What are the differences between classical and neo-classical economics?
古典派經濟學和新古典派經濟學的區別？
(c) What are risk and uncertainty in economics and how are they different?
經濟學中的風險和不確定性分別是什么？他們的區別是？
03A 500-word answer to the following question.
第三篇為500字論文，回答下面的問題：
Identify an area of economics that you think should be given more attention in the A-Level or IB syllabus and say why this is so.
指出一個你認為需要在A-Level 或IB 經濟學課程大綱中需要更側重的經濟學主題，并說明為什么。
針對第一題的參考資料：
J W Welburn et al (2020a)?Systemic Risk in the Broad Economy: Interfirm Networks and Shocks in the US Economy.?Rand Corporation.
J W Welburn et al (2020b)?Systemic Risk: It’s Not Just in the Financial Sector.?Rand Corporation.
ECB Financial Stability Review 2009 ‘The Concept of Systemic Risk’
?(b) Are economic principles true and applicable in all times and places, or are they historically and contextually specific?
You should do a general search for accounts of the late 19th?century ‘Methodenstreit’ when this issue was first raised. Wikipedia has an entry on this and also an informative entry on the ‘Historical School’ and its contemporary admirers such as Ha-Joon Chang and Erik Reinert. A recent work that sets out why this is a continuing issue and involves fundamental questions about the nature of economics (and other social sciences) is?Samuel Bostaph (1996) ‘The Methodenstreit’ Chapter 66 in Peter Boetke (ed) The Edward Elgar Companion to Austrian Economics.
Hodgson, Geoffrey M. (2001).?How economics forgot history. The problem of historical specificity in social science.?London – New York: Routledge
Kadish, Alon (2012).?Historians, Economists, and Economic History?pp.?3–35
Reinert, Erik (2007).?How Rich Countries Got Rich … and Why Poor Countries Stay Poor. New York: Carroll & Graf Publishers
Shionoya, Yuichi (2001), ed.?The German Historical School: The Historical and Ethical Approach to Economics.?(Routledge)
For the other side see?Ludwig von Mises?Epistemological Problems of Economics?
and this?introduction by Peter Boetke?with further links.
?(c) What does the term ‘innovation’ mean in economics and why is the phenomenon of innovation so important for economists?
Start?here;?here?; and?here.David Warsh (2006)?Knowledge and the Wealth of Nations
You should also look at Google Scholar for the many books and articles on this subject.
Matt Ridley (2020)?How Innovation Works: and Why it Flourishes in Freedom.?Harper.
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