【英語翻譯】翻譯筆記之從政府工作報告中學翻譯

我的翻譯筆記之從政府工作報告中學翻譯

第十二屆全國人民代表大會第一次會議（指前面的大會，贅余，英文刪去不已）以來的五年，是我國發展進程中極不平凡的五年。（去掉旁支，保留主干：“五年很不平凡”，其它的都是修飾成分。）面對極其錯綜復雜的國內外形勢，以習近平同志為核心的黨中央團結帶領（雙動詞結構，注意是否要刪去其中一個）全國各族人民砥礪前行，//(斷句)統籌（與后面的“總體”重復了，只譯其一）推進“五位一體”總體（integrated）布局，協調(與“全面”重復)推進“四個全面”戰略布局（英文不譯范疇詞），（主干是我們前進）改革開放和社會主義現代化建設全面（不是全面地而是全面的all fronts of）開創新局面(進步advances)。黨的十九大（以黨做主語，而不是十九大）確立了習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想的歷史地位，制定了決勝全面建成小康社會、奪取新時代中國特色社會主義偉大勝利的宏偉藍圖和行動綱領，//具有重大現實意義和深遠歷史意義。各地區各部門不斷（副詞未必有必要譯）增強政治意識、大局意識、核心意識、看齊意識，//深入貫徹落實(雙動詞,意思一樣取其一)新發展理念(無主語句子,賓語做主語)，“十二五”規劃圓滿完成，“十三五”規劃順利實施，經濟社會發展取得歷史性成就、發生歷史性變革。解析：英文的思維方式與漢語不同。對照上下文，請仔細琢磨我接下來所說的話：中文思維是環境背景（理論）——做法（具體行為）——目的（想要得到的結果）；英文思維是目的——做法——背景。中文句子太長，分段，用句號隔開。

The five years since the first session of the 12th National People’s Congress (NPC) have been（現在完成時，一般來講時間做主語，時態都為完成時） a truly remarkable five years in the course of our country’s development. Facing an extremely complex environment both at home and abroad, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, has rallied（團結）and led the Chinese people of all ethnic groups to forge ahead（砥礪前行）. We have moved forward with the Five-Sphere Integrated Plan* （五位一體）and the Four-pronged Comprehensive Strategy**, and （目的是）made new advances on（一個on把中文前后的成分顛倒了） all fronts of reform, opening-up, and socialist modernization. (注: The “Five-sphere Integrated Plan” is a plan to promote coordinated economic, political, cultural, of comprehensive moves to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, deepen reform, advance law-based governance, and strengthen Party self-governance.)

At its 19th National Congress, the Party established the position in history of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and mapped out an inspiring （形容詞沒有完全對應著譯，要考慮到英文習慣搭配，意思大概符合“宏偉的”就好）blueprint and a program of action for （介詞指出邏輯）securing a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and for striving for the success of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era. This is of great immediate(現實) significance and far-reaching historical significance. All regions and all government departments have strengthened their consciousness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment. The new development philosophy(賓語做主語) has been （主動變被動）thoroughly（深入） acted upon, the 12th Five-Year Plan has been fully completed, and implementation(動詞變名詞) of the 13th Five-Year Plan has seen smooth progress.(順利實施) In economic and social development we (無主語句子添主語)have made historic achievements and seen historic change.

五年來，經濟實力躍上新臺階。國內生產總值從54萬億元增加到82.7萬億元，年均增長7.1%，占世界經濟比重（share）從11.4%提高到15%左右，對世界經濟增長貢獻率超過30%。財政收入從11.7萬億元增加到17.3萬億元。居民消費價格年均上漲1.9%，保持較低（增長的）水平。城鎮新增就業6600萬人以上，13億多人口的大國實現了比較充分就業。

Over the past five years, economic strength(實力) has reached a new high. China’s gross domestic product (GDP) has risen from 54 trillion to 82.7 trillion yuan, registering(顯示數字) average annual growth of 7.1 percent; and its share in the global economy has grown to roughly 15 percent, up from 11.4 percent. China’s contribution(說到貢獻就是褒義的，即對增長的貢獻，而不是下降的貢獻) to global growth has exceeded 30 percent. Government revenue（財政收入） has increased from 11.7 trillion to 17.3 trillion yuan. Consumer prices（居民消費價格） rose at an average annual rate of 1.9 percent, maintaining a relatively low level of growth. More than 66 million new urban jobs have been added, and our country, with its population of over 1.3 billion, has achieved（實現） relatively full employment.（就業）

五年來，經濟結構出現重大變革。消費貢獻率由54.9%提高到58.8%，服務業比重從45.3%上升到51.6%，成為經濟增長主動力（結果ving）。高技術制造業（實現）年均增長11.7%。糧食生產能力達到1.2萬億斤。城鎮化（抽象名詞urbanization）率從52.6%提高到58.5%，8000多萬農業轉移（到城鎮）人口成為城鎮居民（怎么成為城鎮居民）。

注意 數字的翻譯也很重要。

Over the past five years, the structure of the Chinese economy has seen a major(出現重大) transformation. With the share of the service sector（服務業占的消費的比重） rising from 45.3 to 51.6 percent of the economy, consumption’s contribution to growth has increased from 54.9 to 58.8 percent, becoming（成為） the main driver of growth. High-tech manufacturing has achieved an average annual increase of 11.7 percent, and the annual grain yield（糧食生產） has reached 600 million metric tons（1公噸=2000斤）. China’s urbanization rate has risen from 52.6 to 58.5 percent, and more than 80 million people who have relocated（搬遷）from rural to urban areas have gained permanent urban residency.